THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PERIPHERAL PARASITEMIA OF MALARIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH THE OUTCOME OF INTRA UTERINE FETAL DEATH AND ANEMIA IN NEONATES IN MANOKWARI, WEST PAPUA
Hastin Pangastuti, Detty Siti Nurdiati, Risanto Siswosudarmo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University
Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta
Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium and transmitted by the bites of female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria infection in pregnancy has been proved to increase the morbidity and the mortality of pregnant woment and the fetus. Manokwari is known as one of malaria endemic areas in Indonesia. Based on the data from Manokwari District Health Office, West Papua, Annual Parasite Incidence (API) 2014 in Manokwari was of 33.8/1000 risk population.
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between peripheral parasitemia malaria in pregnant women with the incidence of intra uterine fetal death and anemia in neonates in Manokwari, West papua
Research Methodology: This study was an analytic observational method with cross sectional study. The subjects of this study were mothers who gave birth at the Manokwari General Hospital from January to June 2017 with positive parasitemia. The outcome parameters of this study were the neonatal outbreaks of intra uterine fetal death and anemia in neonates.
Results: This study included 62 subjects, 36 pregnant women subjects were with positive malarial peripheral parasitemia and 26 pregnant mothers subjects were with negative peripheral parasitemia. Peripheral paracitemia malaria in pregnant women was not correlated with the outcome of intra uterine fetal death, p value = 0.63, OR = 2.24 CI 95% (0.09-57.18). Peripheral parasitemia malaria in pregnant women was significantly correlated with neonatal anemia, p value = 0.03, OR = 4.26 CI 95% (1.20-15.25). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the most important factor in the incidence of neonatal anemia was parity with p value = 0.04, OR = 3.85 CI 95% (1.05-14.12).
Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between peripheral parasitemia malaria in pregnant women with the incidence of neonatal anemia, and the most influencing factor was parity, in which primigravida had 4.26 times higher chance to have anemic neonates compared to multigravida.
Keywords: malaria in pregnancy, peripheral parasitemia malaria, intra uterine fetal death, anemia in neonates