Differences in bone density by using densitometry ultrasoud on depo medroxyprogesterone acetate contraceptive users and non hormonal contraceptive users
Mukhlis Dermawan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University
Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta
ABSTRACT
Background: The conflicts over the influence of long term use of DMPA on bone density is still a question of debate. Decrease in bone density may be a risk factor for future fracture.
Objective: the study was undertaken to find out the differences of bone density between DMPA contraceptive users and non hormonal contraceptives.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Material and Method: The study was carried out at Jetis primary health care from july to september 2012. The bone density was determine using a portable ultasound bone evaluation device (AOS-100, Aloka Co., Ltd., Japan). The device measures at right calcaneal bone density. Outcome was bone mineral density. Low bone mineral density was determine if the T-Score was less than minus one (-1). Chi-squere and logistic regressions analysis were used for statistical analysis while SPSS was used for data processing.
Result: Among 151 women being eligible to the study, was had been 78 (51,7%) women had low bone mineral density. The risk of getting low bone mineral density was highest among DMPA contraceptive users compared to non hormonal contraceptive users, RR 3,72 (2,38 – 5,83) p=0,001. Low BMI have tended to have lower bone mineral density 1,78 times with RR 1,78 (1,17 – 2,69) p=0,002. The regression line was bone density
(y) = (-2,386) + 1,300 BMI + 2,745 (Types of contraception) + 0,189 Age + 0,211 (Duration of contraceptive).
Conclusion: The risk of getting low bone mineral density was higher among DMPA contraceptive users. Types of contraception and BMI correlated to bone mineral density and statistically significant
Keywords: Bone mineral density, DMPA, Quantitative ultrasoud densitometry, T-score.